Biochemical and Hematological biomarkers in Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculous cases in Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur

Abstract

Objective: To identify hematological and biochemical alterations in patients infected with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB)
Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in Pulmonology Department of Quaid-e-Azam Medical College Bahawalpur from 20-04-24 to 30-09-25.. Total number of 133 patients diagnosed as MDR-TB were included. Haematological parameters including haemoglobin levels, whereas, biochemical variables including serum urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase and glucose were analysed. Demographic features included age gender body mass index, smoking and other associated medical conditions like diabetes mellitus, hepatitis, hypertension and HIV were observed.
Results: Results were analysed using SPSS version 26. Mean values of different demographic features were obtained. Similarly, mean, SD, and p values of different haematological and biochemical parameters were analysed. Serum glucose was found to be significantly raised in elderly patients (p<0.003). serum urea was also significantly raised in elderly patients ( p< 0.0001) and in males as compared to females (p < 0.003). serum ALT and creatinine values were found to be insignificant in our study. Our results revealed that BMI was significantly different (p<0.003) among young patients (age <45 years). Haemoglobin to be significantly lower in females (p< 0.001).
Conclusion: Haematological and biochemical abnormalities are common in MDR-TB patients and can help in diagnosis and monitoring treatment response. Second-line anti-tubercular drugs may cause adverse effects such as liver and kidney dysfunction, hyperuricemia, and increased creatinine and urea levels. Regular laboratory monitoring is essential to detect complications early and improve treatment adherence.